{"id":7247,"date":"2025-01-21T10:42:09","date_gmt":"2025-01-21T09:42:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sfe-trade.com\/cz\/?post_type=news&#038;p=7247"},"modified":"2025-01-21T10:45:27","modified_gmt":"2025-01-21T09:45:27","slug":"odborny-sloupek-sfe-udrzitelne-smesi-bez-raseliny-pro-vanocni-hvezdy","status":"publish","type":"news","link":"https:\/\/sfe-trade.com\/cz\/news\/odborny-sloupek-sfe-udrzitelne-smesi-bez-raseliny-pro-vanocni-hvezdy\/","title":{"rendered":"Odborn\u00fd sloupek SfE: Udr\u017eiteln\u00e9  sm\u011bsi bez ra\u0161eliny pro v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed hv\u011bzdy"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wpb-content-wrapper\"><p>[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text css=&#8220;&#8220;]<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><em>Stars for Europe (SfE) zahajuje novou s\u00e9rii odborn\u00fdch \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f na podporu evropsk\u00fdch producent\u016f. C\u00edlem t\u00e9to iniciativy je podporovat udr\u017eitelnost v zahradnictv\u00ed zve\u0159ej\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00edm \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f psan\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edmo nez\u00e1visl\u00fdmi experty, kte\u0159\u00ed maj\u00ed zku\u0161enosti v nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch oblastech. P\u0159isp\u011bvatel\u00e9 budou poch\u00e1zet z cel\u00e9 Evropy, a p\u0159esto\u017ee se specifika n\u011bkter\u00fdch ot\u00e1zek budou li\u0161it v z\u00e1vislosti na zemi a klimatu, bude se s\u00e9rie odborn\u00fdch \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f sna\u017eit o mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bnu zku\u0161enost\u00ed a znalost\u00ed. Pokud si p\u0159e\u010dtete n\u011bjak\u00fd \u010dl\u00e1nek a budete se cht\u00edt pod\u011blit o post\u0159ehy z jin\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti Evropy, napi\u0161te n\u00e1m a my v\u00e1\u0161 p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek zve\u0159ejn\u00edme v mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed sekci na konci textu. Ozv\u011bte se n\u00e1m tak\u00e9 pros\u00edm, pokud m\u00e1te z\u00e1jem napsat cel\u00fd \u010dl\u00e1nek jako odborn\u00fd p\u0159isp\u011bvovatel.<\/em><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8220;&#8220;]<strong>Novou s\u00e9rii zahajuje \u010dl\u00e1nek experta na substr\u00e1ty Neila Bragga o tom, jak se obej\u00edt bez ra\u0161eliny. Neil je p\u016fdn\u00ed v\u011bdec p\u016fsob\u00edc\u00ed ve Velk\u00e9 Brit\u00e1nii, kter\u00e1 se m\u00e1 st\u00e1t jednou z prvn\u00edch evropsk\u00fdch zem\u00ed, je\u017e zavede z\u00e1kaz ra\u0161eliny v profesion\u00e1ln\u00edm zahradnictv\u00ed. Proto se Neil v posledn\u00ed dob\u011b v\u011bnuje p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v\u00fdvoji nov\u00fdch substr\u00e1t\u016f s bez ra\u0161elinov\u00fdmi slo\u017ekami. O sv\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti a rady se s v\u00e1mi pod\u011bl\u00ed v tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku.<\/strong>[\/vc_column_text][vc_custom_heading text=&#8220;Neil Bragg: Udr\u017eiteln\u00e9 sm\u011bsi bez ra\u0161eliny pro v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed hv\u011bzdy&#8220; use_theme_fonts=&#8220;yes&#8220; css=&#8220;&#8220;][vc_column_text css=&#8220;&#8220;]<strong>\u2022 T\u00e9ma: <\/strong>Ra\u0161elina a substr\u00e1ty<br \/>\n<strong>\u2022 Zem\u011b: <\/strong>Velk\u00e1 Brit\u00e1nie<br \/>\n<strong>\u2022 Datum: <\/strong>Z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2024<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b ve 30. letech 20. stolet\u00ed m\u011bla v\u011bt\u0161ina p\u011bstitel\u016f sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed sm\u011bsi zemin. Jednotnost t\u011bchto sm\u011bs\u00ed byla velmi n\u00edzk\u00e1, co\u017e se projevovalo i na v\u00fdsledc\u00edch, pokud jde o kvalitu rostlin. Ve Velk\u00e9 Brit\u00e1nii v\u0161ak byli dva v\u011bdci po\u017e\u00e1d\u00e1ni, aby vytvo\u0159ili jednotnou sm\u011bs pro v\u00fdsev a p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed v kv\u011btin\u00e1\u010d\u00edch, kter\u00e1 by umo\u017enila v\u0161em rostlin\u00e1m kvalitn\u011b r\u016fst a rozvinout jejich jedine\u010dn\u00e9 vlastnosti. To vedlo ke vzniku dnes ji\u017e proslul\u00e9 sm\u011bsi \u201eJohn Innes&#8220;, kter\u00e1 byla zalo\u017eena na sterilizovan\u00e9 sm\u011bsi hl\u00edny, ra\u0161eliny a p\u00edsku se z\u00e1kladn\u00edmi hnojivy v odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00edm mno\u017estv\u00ed. Tyto sm\u011bsi se staly standardem a pozd\u011bji byly roz\u0161i\u0159ov\u00e1ny o dal\u0161\u00ed slo\u017eky, aby se zv\u00fd\u0161ila jejich efektivita pro p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed trvalej\u0161\u00edch rostlin v kv\u011btin\u00e1\u010d\u00edch.<\/p>\n<p>Dal\u0161\u00ed velk\u00fd miln\u00edk t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se substr\u00e1t\u016f p\u0159i\u0161el v 50. a 60. letech 20. stolet\u00ed se zaveden\u00edm pln\u011b ra\u0161elinov\u00fdch sm\u011bs\u00ed. To p\u0159ineslo nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zm\u011bny v zavla\u017eovac\u00edm re\u017eimu, ve zp\u016fsobu p\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed dal\u0161\u00edch l\u00e1tek do sm\u011bs\u00ed a v samotn\u00e9m pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed. Nav\u00edc se objevila v\u00fdzva v podob\u011b interpretace analytick\u00fdch v\u00fdsledk\u016f. Sm\u011bsi m\u011bly velmi n\u00edzkou hustotu a jejich schopnost op\u011btovn\u00e9ho zvlh\u010den\u00ed byla \u010dasto problematick\u00e1 ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s t\u011bmi obsahuj\u00edc\u00edmi zeminu a p\u00edsek. Mezi sm\u011bsmi existovaly rozd\u00edly; prod\u00e1valy se sm\u011bsi s ra\u0161elinou, s ra\u0161elinov\u00fdm p\u00edskem anebo \u0161t\u011brkem (sm\u011bsi syst\u00e9mu UC Davis) nebo sm\u011bsi s p\u0159\u00eddavkem perlitu. Varianty zalo\u017een\u00e9 na sm\u011bs\u00edch z 60. let 20. stolet\u00ed byly standardem pro n\u00e1dobov\u00e9 rostliny a\u017e do prvn\u00ed dek\u00e1dy nov\u00e9ho tis\u00edcilet\u00ed.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8220;&#8220;]Ve Spojen\u00e9m kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed se od 90. let 20. stolet\u00ed zvy\u0161oval tlak nevl\u00e1dn\u00edch organizac\u00ed zab\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edch se ochranou \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed i vl\u00e1dn\u00edch \u00fa\u0159ad\u016f na sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed, a nakonec i z\u00e1kaz pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed ra\u0161eliny v zahradnictv\u00ed. K podobn\u00fdm krok\u016fm do\u0161lo i v jin\u00fdch evropsk\u00fdch zem\u00edch, nap\u0159\u00edklad v N\u011bmecku a Nizozemsku. Jin\u00e9 zem\u011b, jako nap\u0159\u00edklad \u0160v\u00fdcarsko, dokonce tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee jsou kompletn\u011b \u201ebez ra\u0161eliny\u201c. Skute\u010dnost je takov\u00e1, \u017ee v cel\u00e9 Evrop\u011b opravdu prob\u00edhaj\u00ed rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 snahy o sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed z\u00e1vislosti na pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed ra\u0161eliny v zahradnictv\u00ed. N\u011bkter\u00e1 odv\u011btv\u00ed, jako nap\u0159\u00edklad producenti \u201em\u011bkk\u00e9ho ovoce\u201c, za\u010dala od po\u010d\u00e1tku roku 2000 upou\u0161t\u011bt od substr\u00e1t\u016f na b\u00e1zi ra\u0161eliny a pou\u017e\u00edvat k p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed ovoce p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b pytle na b\u00e1zi kokosov\u00e9ho vl\u00e1kna, co\u017e se uk\u00e1zalo jako velmi \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9. Raj\u010data, papriky a okurky p\u0159e\u0161ly na semihydroponick\u00e9 syst\u00e9my ji\u017e p\u0159ed mnoha lety. Hlavn\u00edmi odv\u011btv\u00edmi, kter\u00e1 doposud p\u0159ech\u00e1zej\u00ed na substr\u00e1ty bez ra\u0161eliny pouze pomalu, jsou okrasn\u00e9 rostliny p\u011bstovan\u00e9 v n\u00e1dob\u00e1ch a p\u0159esazovan\u00e1 zelenina. Ra\u0161elina je \u010dasto pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdm materi\u00e1lem tak\u00e9 p\u0159i p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed hub jako \u201eobalov\u00e1 vrstva\u201c, kter\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148uje houb\u00e1m vytvo\u0159it plodnice.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8220;&#8220;]Z\u0159ejmou ot\u00e1zkou, na kterou je t\u0159eba odpov\u011bd\u011bt, je, pro\u010d je ra\u0161elina tak popul\u00e1rn\u00ed a jak\u00e9 jsou skute\u010dn\u00e9 probl\u00e9my p\u0159i jej\u00edm nahrazov\u00e1n\u00ed. Ra\u0161elina vznik\u00e1 nahromad\u011bn\u00edm r\u016fzn\u00fdch mech\u016f (p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm ra\u0161elin\u00edku) po mnoho set let ve vod\u011b, jej\u00ed\u017e mno\u017estv\u00ed se zvy\u0161uje pouze de\u0161\u0165ov\u00fdmi sr\u00e1\u017ekami. Podm\u00ednky, nap\u0159\u00edklad velmi n\u00edzk\u00e1 hladina kysl\u00edku v ra\u0161elini\u0161ti nebo slatin\u011b, zabra\u0148uj\u00ed b\u011b\u017en\u00e9mu rozkladu rostlinn\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu a zachov\u00e1vaj\u00ed p\u016fvodn\u00ed strukturu mech\u016f (na rozd\u00edl od b\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho kompostovac\u00edho procesu). Pro z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed ra\u0161eliny se materi\u00e1l z ra\u0161elini\u0161\u0165 vyt\u011b\u017e\u00ed a vysu\u0161\u00ed na povrchu, p\u0159i \u010dem\u017e mimo jin\u00e9 doch\u00e1z\u00ed k uvol\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed CO2. V\u00fdsledn\u00e1 ra\u0161elina pak p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 p\u016fvodn\u00ed rostlinn\u00fd materi\u00e1l, ale ve skute\u010dnosti se jedn\u00e1 pouze o jeho zakonzervovan\u00e9 poz\u016fstatky. D\u00edky proces\u016fm, kter\u00e9 se v ra\u0161elini\u0161ti odehr\u00e1ly, z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 materi\u00e1l velmi odoln\u00fd v\u016f\u010di dal\u0161\u00edmu rozkladu a m\u00e1 n\u00edzk\u00e9 pH a schopnost adsorbovat a zadr\u017eovat vodu podobn\u011b jako houba. Jak\u00e9koli aerobn\u011b kompostovan\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly se nikdy nemohou chovat podobn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem, ani nemaj\u00ed podobnou stabilitu. Ra\u0161elina se tedy li\u0161\u00ed od v\u0161ech ostatn\u00edch organick\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f, kter\u00e9 se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed nebo pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b budou pou\u017e\u00edvat v p\u016fd\u00e1ch pro kv\u011btin\u00e1\u010de.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width=&#8220;1\/2&#8243;][vc_column_text css=&#8220;&#8220;]V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b je v\u0161ak k dispozici \u0159ada materi\u00e1l\u016f, kter\u00e9 lze pou\u017e\u00edt jako bezra\u0161elinov\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edsady do p\u016fd pro kv\u011btin\u00e1\u010de:<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 K\u016fra (\u010derstv\u00e1 i kompostovan\u00e1),<br \/>\n\u2022 Kokosov\u00e9 vl\u00e1kno<br \/>\n\u2022 Kompostovan\u00fd rostlinn\u00fd odpad<br \/>\n\u2022 D\u0159evn\u00ed vl\u00e1kna (t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u00fdhradn\u011b z borovicov\u00e9 d\u0159evn\u00ed \u0161t\u011bpky, zpracovan\u00e1 v r\u016fzn\u00e9 m\u00ed\u0159e \u2013 od kladivov\u00e9ho fr\u00e9zov\u00e1n\u00ed po parn\u00ed a tlakov\u00e9 vytla\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed).<br \/>\n\u2022 Dal\u0161\u00ed materi\u00e1ly, jako jsou separovan\u00e9 pevn\u00e9 l\u00e1tky ze specifick\u00fdch anaerobn\u00edch proces\u016f (AD) a biouhel z r\u016fzn\u00fdch pyrol\u00fdzn\u00edch proces\u016f, se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed v n\u011bkter\u00fdch sm\u011bs\u00edch, ale objemy a cena t\u011bchto slo\u017eek \u010dasto br\u00e1n\u00ed jejich \u0161ir\u0161\u00edmu vyu\u017eit\u00ed.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=&#8220;1\/2&#8243;][vc_single_image image=&#8220;5124&#8243; img_size=&#8220;full&#8220; css=&#8220;&#8220;][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text css=&#8220;&#8220;]Se zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00edm st\u00e1le v\u011bt\u0161\u00edho mno\u017estv\u00ed nov\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f se objevuj\u00ed probl\u00e9my, kter\u00e9 je t\u0159eba \u0159e\u0161it, aby bylo dosa\u017eeno kvalitn\u00ed rostlinn\u00e9 produkce. Oblasti, kter\u00e9 je t\u0159eba zv\u00e1\u017eit, jsou p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edjem a zadr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed vody, imobilizace dus\u00edku mikrobi\u00e1ln\u00edmi populacemi, kter\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly do sm\u011bsi p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed, a mno\u017estv\u00ed p\u0159\u00eddavn\u00fdch sm\u011bs\u00ed nutn\u00e9 pro zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed kvalitn\u00edho v\u00fdsledku.<\/p>\n<p>Pro dodavatele p\u011bstebn\u00edch substr\u00e1t\u016f a pro p\u011bstitele nejsou v\u00fdzvy spojeny pouze s jednoduchou zm\u011bnou jedn\u00e9 slo\u017eky ve sm\u011bs\u00edch, ale sp\u00ed\u0161e s pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm nov\u00fdch a \u010dasto zna\u010dn\u011b komplexn\u00edch sm\u011bs\u00ed, kter\u00e9 p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed \u0159adu probl\u00e9m\u016f. Prvn\u00edm z nich je skute\u010dnost, \u017ee nelze p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dat, \u017ee plodiny budou dob\u0159e r\u016fst p\u0159i pou\u017eit\u00ed stejn\u00e9ho re\u017eimu zavla\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed a krmen\u00ed, jak\u00fd se d\u0159\u00edve i v sou\u010dasnosti pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 pro v\u0161echny sm\u011bsi s p\u0159evahou ra\u0161eliny.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>S nov\u00fdmi sm\u011bsmi je t\u0159eba zach\u00e1zet individu\u00e1ln\u011b, pokud jde o m\u00edru a frekvenci zavla\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li>Je t\u0159eba upravit v\u00fdb\u011br hnojiv pro z\u00e1kladn\u00ed i dopl\u0148kov\u00e9 hnojen\u00ed plodin. Mohou se vyskytovat probl\u00e9my t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se zejm\u00e9na velmi vysok\u00e9ho obsahu drasl\u00edku a n\u011bkdy i chlorid\u016f a s\u00edran\u016f v nov\u00fdch sm\u011bs\u00edch. Krom\u011b toho v nov\u00fdch sm\u011bs\u00edch ji\u017e nebude b\u011b\u017en\u00fd p\u0159\u00edsun v\u00e1pn\u00edku a ho\u0159\u010d\u00edku, kter\u00fd d\u0159\u00edve poch\u00e1zel z v\u00e1pence pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9ho k \u00faprav\u011b p\u0159irozen\u00e9 kyselosti ra\u0161eliny, tak\u017ee bude zapot\u0159eb\u00ed alternativn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsun t\u011bchto prvk\u016f. R\u016fzn\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti vyr\u00e1b\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed hnojiva si to uv\u011bdomuj\u00ed a pracuj\u00ed na v\u00fdvoji nov\u00fdch produkt\u016f ur\u010den\u00fdch speci\u00e1ln\u011b pro p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed bez ra\u0161eliny.<\/li>\n<li>3) Mus\u00edme p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dat, \u017ee nov\u00e9 organick\u00e9 slo\u017eky pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 ve sm\u011bs\u00edch budou adsorbovat dus\u00edk, aby uspokojily p\u0159irozen\u00e9 mikrobi\u00e1ln\u00ed populace, kter\u00e9 jsou jejich sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed. To m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt \u010dasto d\u00e1le zkomplikov\u00e1no, pokud jsou p\u0159im\u00edch\u00e1ny dal\u0161\u00ed materi\u00e1ly, proto\u017ee z mikrobi\u00e1ln\u00edho hlediska neplat\u00ed jednoduch\u00e1 rovnice 1+1=2. Proto je nutn\u00e9 dod\u00e1vat dopl\u0148kov\u00fd dus\u00edk ve form\u011b vodorozpustn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpravk\u016f od za\u010d\u00e1tku p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed v kv\u011btin\u00e1\u010d\u00edch a\u017e do dosa\u017een\u00ed dosp\u011blosti. Je mo\u017en\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edt i hnojiva s \u0159\u00edzen\u00fdm uvol\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00edm (CRF) a v posledn\u00ed dob\u011b je z\u00e1jem tak\u00e9 o pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed dopl\u0148kov\u00fdch hnojiv organick\u00e9ho typu.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8220;&#8220;]Z\u00e1v\u011brem lze konstatovat, \u017ee p\u0159i pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed bezra\u0161elinov\u00fdch sm\u011bs\u00ed se v\u0161ichni st\u00e1le u\u010d\u00edme. Nejlep\u0161\u00edm zp\u016fsobem, jak k tomuto probl\u00e9mu p\u0159istupovat, je po\u0159\u00eddit si sm\u011bsi s jednou nebo dv\u011bma z\u00e1kladn\u00edmi slo\u017ekami a nau\u010dit se s nimi p\u011bstovat, av\u0161ak tak, aby je bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 spravovat odd\u011blen\u011b od v\u0161ech dlouhodob\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch sm\u011bs\u00ed na b\u00e1zi ra\u0161eliny. Bude t\u0159eba upravit zal\u00e9v\u00e1n\u00ed , pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed hnojiv a p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm analyzovat vzorky \u010derstv\u00e9ho p\u011bstebn\u00edho substr\u00e1tu. Ve Spojen\u00e9m kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed provozujeme od roku 1998 pro p\u011bstitele program monitoringu v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00edch hv\u011bzd, kter\u00fd zahrnuje pravideln\u00e9 anal\u00fdzy od nasazen\u00ed nov\u00fdch p\u011bstebn\u00edch substr\u00e1t\u016f a\u017e t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 po samotn\u00fd prodej rostlin. Tento program obvykle za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 anal\u00fdzou vody, aby se zjistila zejm\u00e9na alkalita (obsah hydrogenuhli\u010ditan\u016f).<\/p>\n<p>Zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 je, \u017ee tam, kde v minulosti byly u sm\u011bs\u00ed na b\u00e1zi ra\u0161eliny probl\u00e9my s vodou z vrt\u016f a vodovod\u016f, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt tato voda velmi u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e1 z hlediska z\u00e1sobov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00e1pn\u00edkem a ho\u0159\u010d\u00edkem. Pokud se v\u0161ak jako zdroj z\u00e1vlahy pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 \u010dist\u00e1 de\u0161\u0165ov\u00e1 voda, pak je v\u00fdzva zajistit, aby byl zachov\u00e1n dostate\u010dn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edsun v\u00e1pn\u00edku a ho\u0159\u010d\u00edku. \u010c\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b to \u0159e\u0161\u00ed produkty s dusi\u010dnanem v\u00e1penat\u00fdm, ale je t\u0159eba zv\u00e1\u017eit i specifick\u00e1 hnojiva rozpustn\u00e1 ve vod\u011b s p\u0159\u00eddavkem v\u00e1pn\u00edku a ho\u0159\u010d\u00edku. V r\u00e1mci monitorovac\u00edho syst\u00e9mu se tak\u00e9 odeb\u00edraj\u00ed vzorky list\u016f ka\u017ed\u00e9 2 a\u017e 3 t\u00fddny od za\u0161tipov\u00e1n\u00ed, aby se zajistilo, \u017ee rostliny dostaly v\u0161echny pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 l\u00e1tky. Zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed pozornost se v\u011bnuje obsahu fosf\u00e1t\u016f v listech koncem srpna a za\u010d\u00e1tkem z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed, kdy za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 v\u00fdvoj kv\u011btn\u00edch pupen\u016f. Tento monitoring je p\u0159i p\u0159echodu od ra\u0161eliny k bezra\u0161elinov\u00fdm sm\u011bs\u00edm kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fd.[\/vc_column_text][vc_custom_heading text=&#8220;Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed zku\u0161enosti&#8220; font_container=&#8220;tag:h3|text_align:left&#8220; use_theme_fonts=&#8220;yes&#8220; css=&#8220;&#8220;][vc_column_text css=&#8220;&#8220;]<strong>M\u00e1te k tomuto \u010dl\u00e1nku p\u0159ipom\u00ednky nebo se chcete pod\u011blit o post\u0159ehy z jin\u00e9 zem\u011b? Ozv\u011bte se n\u00e1m a my je zve\u0159ejn\u00edme.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>V <strong>N\u011bmecku<\/strong> vl\u00e1da stanovila pouze nepovinn\u00e9 c\u00edle, aby se do roku 2030 pokusila co nejv\u00edce eliminovat ra\u0161elinu v komer\u010dn\u00edm zahradnictv\u00ed. N\u011bmeck\u00fd program \u201eFinito\u201c poskytuje bezplatnou podporu na cest\u011b k omezen\u00ed ra\u0161eliny. Z \u0159ady materi\u00e1l\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsou k dispozici pro pou\u017eit\u00ed jako bezra\u0161elinov\u00e9 slo\u017eky do p\u016fd pro kv\u011btin\u00e1\u010de, jsou v N\u011bmecku podle platn\u00fdch norem RAL regulov\u00e1ny kompostovan\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm z vybran\u00fdch druh\u016f u d\u0159evin a zelen\u00fdch odpad\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>V <strong>Nizozemsku<\/strong> existuje z\u00e1vazn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed politick\u00e1 dohoda. Podle doporu\u010den\u00ed univerzity ve Wageningenu se m\u00e1 pod\u00edl ra\u0161eliny v profesion\u00e1ln\u00edch p\u011bstebn\u00edch substr\u00e1tech do roku 2030 sn\u00ed\u017eit na 50 %.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8220;&#8220;]<strong><em>Upozorn\u011bn\u00ed: <\/em><\/strong><em>SfE spolupracuje s renomovan\u00fdmi odborn\u00edky z cel\u00e9 Evropy, v\u010detn\u011b v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch p\u011bstitel\u016f, \u010dlen\u016f p\u0159edstavenstev obchodn\u00edch asociac\u00ed, redaktor\u016f odborn\u00fdch m\u00e9di\u00ed a ocen\u011bn\u00fdch odborn\u00edk\u016f z \u0159ady zahradnick\u00fdch obor\u016f. Vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00e9 n\u00e1zory a stanoviska jsou v\u0161ak pouze n\u00e1zory a stanoviska autor\u016f a nemus\u00ed nutn\u011b odr\u00e1\u017eet n\u00e1zory a stanoviska SfE nebo jej\u00edch \u010dlensk\u00fdch p\u011bstitel\u016f.<\/em>[\/vc_column_text][vc_custom_heading text=&#8220;O Neilu Braggovi, Substrates Associate Ltd, Velk\u00e1 Brit\u00e1nie&#8220; font_container=&#8220;tag:h3|text_align:left&#8220; use_theme_fonts=&#8220;yes&#8220; css=&#8220;&#8220;][vc_column_text css=&#8220;&#8220;]Neil Bragg je v\u00fdznamn\u00fd britsk\u00fd p\u016fdn\u00ed v\u011bdec, kter\u00fd se ji\u017e 40 let zab\u00fdv\u00e1 zahradnictv\u00edm a zam\u011b\u0159uje se na v\u00fd\u017eivu rostlin, hnojen\u00ed a v\u00fdvoj nov\u00fdch substr\u00e1t\u016f &#8211; zejm\u00e9na t\u011bch bez obsahu ra\u0161eliny. Spole\u010dn\u011b s Ann McCannovou (oba ze spole\u010dnosti Bulrush Horticulture) Neil vyvinul syst\u00e9m monitoringu v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00edch hv\u011bzd, kter\u00fd funguje od roku 1998 a shroma\u017e\u010fuje velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed analytick\u00fdch dat t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00edch se jak substr\u00e1t\u016f, tak rostlinn\u00fdch pletiv.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p><\/div><div class=\"acf-fields-container\" data-post-id=\"7247\" data-canto-acf=\"true\"><\/div><style>\r\n        .acf-fields-container {\r\n            margin: 2em 0;\r\n            width: 100%;\r\n            clear: both;\r\n        }\r\n        .acf-field-image {\r\n            margin: 1.5em 0;\r\n            position: relative;\r\n        }\r\n        .acf-field-label {\r\n            margin-bottom: 1em;\r\n        }\r\n        .acf-image {\r\n            max-width: 100%;\r\n            height: auto;\r\n            display: block;\r\n            margin: 1em 0;\r\n        }\r\n    <\/style>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text css=&#8220;&#8220;] Stars for Europe (SfE) zahajuje novou s\u00e9rii odborn\u00fdch \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f na podporu evropsk\u00fdch producent\u016f. C\u00edlem t\u00e9to iniciativy je podporovat udr\u017eitelnost v zahradnictv\u00ed zve\u0159ej\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00edm \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f psan\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edmo nez\u00e1visl\u00fdmi experty, kte\u0159\u00ed maj\u00ed zku\u0161enosti v nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch oblastech. P\u0159isp\u011bvatel\u00e9 budou poch\u00e1zet z cel\u00e9 Evropy, a p\u0159esto\u017ee se specifika n\u011bkter\u00fdch ot\u00e1zek budou li\u0161it v z\u00e1vislosti na zemi a klimatu, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":7257,"template":"","news_cat":[124],"class_list":["post-7247","news","type-news","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","news_cat-nachhaltigkeit"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sfe-trade.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/news\/7247","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sfe-trade.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/news"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sfe-trade.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/news"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/sfe-trade.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/news\/7247\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7256,"href":"https:\/\/sfe-trade.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/news\/7247\/revisions\/7256"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sfe-trade.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7257"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sfe-trade.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7247"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"news_cat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sfe-trade.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/news_cat?post=7247"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}